雅思写作的结尾段往往被考生忽视,但它是留给考官的最后印象,直接影响分数高低,一个高质量的结束段不仅能重申观点,还能提升文章整体逻辑性和连贯性,本文将深入解析雅思写作结束段的技巧,帮助考生在有限时间内打造出符合评分标准的完美收尾。
结束段的核心功能
雅思官方评分标准中,Task Achievement(任务完成度)和Coherence & Cohesion(连贯与衔接)两项均与结尾段密切相关,理想的结束段应实现三大功能:
- 总结核心论点:用1-2句话概括主体段的核心观点,避免简单重复开头段。
- 升华主题价值:适当延伸讨论意义,体现批判性思维(如社会影响、未来趋势)。
- 保持立场一致:与开头段的立场完全吻合,避免出现矛盾表述。
例如在讨论"是否应该禁止广告针对儿童"时,这样的结尾既总结又升华:
"While advertising can stimulate economic growth, stricter regulations are necessary to protect children's cognitive development. Governments and parents share the responsibility to create a media environment prioritizing well-being over profit."
避免四大常见错误
根据剑桥雅思官方范文分析,70%的低分结尾段存在以下问题:
突然提出新观点
错误示范:
"In conclusion, junk food advertising should be banned. Additionally, schools must teach nutrition courses."(划线部分属于新论点)
修正方案:所有论证应在主体段完成,结尾仅作归纳。
过度使用模板句
机械套用模板如"Every coin has two sides"会显得生硬,考官更期待个性化表达,例如用条件句体现深度:
"Unless policymakers balance commercial interests with ethical considerations, children will remain vulnerable targets."
篇幅比例失衡
雅思写作理想的段落结构为:
- 开头段:10-15%
- 主体段:70-80%
- 结尾段:10-15%
超过3行的结尾往往包含冗余信息。
时态和人称混乱
议论文结尾建议使用:
- 一般现在时(表达普遍事实)
- 情态动词(should/must/could等提出建议)
- 第三人称(保持客观性)
三类高分结尾结构
问题解决型(常见于Report题型)
结构:总结问题根源→建议解决方向
范例(环境污染话题):
"The root cause of plastic pollution lies in overconsumption and inadequate recycling systems. Multinational corporations should lead the transition to biodegradable materials, supported by tax incentives from governments."
辩证平衡型(Discussion题型)
结构:承认对立观点→重申己方立场
范例(远程办公利弊):
"Although remote working reduces face-to-face collaboration, its benefits in enhancing productivity and work-life balance prove more significant. Hybrid models may emerge as the optimal solution."
展望未来型(Opinion题型)
结构:现状总结→趋势预测
范例(人工智能影响):
"As AI continues transforming workplaces, continuous skills upgrading will become essential. Educational systems must evolve faster to prepare future generations."
提升结尾段质量的进阶技巧
使用修辞手法
- 设问法:
"If historical buildings are demolished for urban development, what will future generations learn about cultural identity?" - 对比法:
"While fossil fuels powered the 20th century, renewable energy will define the 21st."
植入高端词汇
替换基础词汇提升Lexical Resource分数:
| 基础词汇 | 升级方案 |
|----------|----------|
| important | pivotal/crucial |
| bad | detrimental/adverse |
| good | beneficial/advantageous |
衔接词多样化
避免重复使用"In conclusion",可交替使用:
- Ultimately,
- Taking everything into account,
- From a broader perspective,
实战案例分析
Some people believe that university education should be free for all students. To what extent do you agree?
低分结尾:
"In conclusion, free university is good because it helps poor students. I agree with this idea."(问题:词汇简单、缺乏扩展)
高分结尾:
"Ultimately, making higher education tuition-free would reduce socioeconomic inequality and stimulate national innovation. However, governments need sustainable funding models, possibly through progressive taxation of high-income earners, to maintain educational quality while ensuring accessibility."(亮点:提出具体实施方案,展现批判思维)
时间管理建议
在40分钟的写作时间内,建议分配:
- 结尾段用时:3-5分钟
- 字数控制:35-50词
考前可准备2-3种结尾模板,根据题目灵活调整。
雅思写作如同精心设计的建筑,结尾段就是那画龙点睛的穹顶,当考生能够超越模板思维,在结尾展现对议题的深刻理解时,距离7分以上的成绩就不远了,考官期待的从来不是完美无缺的答案,而是清晰可见的思考轨迹与语言驾驭能力。