雅思写作是许多考生备考过程中的难点,尤其是培训类(General Training)考生,面对书信写作和议论文两大任务,常常感到无从下手,本文将结合真题案例,分析常见题型,并提供实用技巧,帮助考生提升写作水平。
培训类雅思写作题型概述
培训类雅思写作分为两部分:
- Task 1(书信写作):要求考生根据题目情境撰写一封正式、半正式或非正式的信件,字数至少150词。
- Task 2(议论文写作):要求考生针对某个社会问题或观点发表看法,字数至少250词。
书信写作常见类型
- 投诉信(Complaint Letter)
- 请求信(Request Letter)
- 建议信(Advice Letter)
- 感谢信(Thank-you Letter)
- 道歉信(Apology Letter)
议论文常见话题
- 教育(如在线学习的利弊)
- 工作与生活平衡(如远程办公的影响)
- 环境保护(如减少塑料污染的措施)
- 社会问题(如老龄化社会的挑战)
书信写作高分技巧
明确写作目的
书信写作的关键在于清晰表达意图,写投诉信时,需说明问题、表达不满,并提出解决方案。
真题示例:
你最近购买的商品有质量问题,写一封信给商家投诉,要求退款或更换。
高分结构:
- 开头:说明写信目的(I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with...)。 描述问题细节(The product arrived damaged...),提供证据(如订单号、照片)。
- :提出要求(I would appreciate a full refund or a replacement...)。
注意语气与格式
- 正式信件(如投诉信、申请信):使用正式用语(Dear Sir/Madam, Yours faithfully)。
- 半正式信件(如给房东的信):语气礼貌但稍轻松(Dear Mr. Smith, Yours sincerely)。
- 非正式信件(如给朋友的信):口语化表达(Hi John, Best regards)。
避免常见错误
- 跑题:紧扣题目要求,不添加无关信息。
- 语法错误:检查时态(如过去事件用过去时)、主谓一致等。
- 字数不足:确保达到150词,但不超过200词,避免冗长。
议论文写作策略
审题与构思
议论文的核心是逻辑清晰、论证充分,拿到题目后,先分析问题类型:
- 同意与否型(Do you agree or disagree?)
- 讨论双方观点型(Discuss both views and give your opinion.)
- 问题解决型(What are the causes and solutions?)
真题示例:
Some people believe that children should learn to compete, while others think cooperation is more important. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
高分结构:
- : paraphrase题目+明确立场(While competition can motivate children, cooperation is essential for teamwork.)。
- 主体段1:竞争的好处(encourages individual excellence, prepares for real-world challenges)。
- 主体段2:合作的重要性(promotes social skills, fosters teamwork)。
- :重申观点(Both skills are valuable, but cooperation should be prioritized.)。
论证方法
- 举例法:用具体案例支持观点(For example, group projects in school teach students to collaborate.)。
- 对比法:比较不同观点的优劣(While competition drives performance, it may lead to stress.)。
- 因果法:分析问题的影响(Excessive competition can harm children's mental health.)。
语言优化
- 词汇多样性:避免重复使用简单词(important → crucial, significant)。
- 句式变化:混合简单句、复合句(Not only does competition improve skills, but it also builds resilience.)。
- 衔接词:增强逻辑性(However, Therefore, In contrast)。
真题实战分析
书信写作真题:
你的邻居经常在深夜举办聚会,噪音影响你的休息,写一封信给邻居,说明问题并寻求解决。
参考范文:
Dear Mr. Brown,
I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to kindly bring to your attention the noise from your recent gatherings. While I understand the joy of social events, the loud music past midnight has made it difficult for me to sleep.
As I have an early work schedule, the disturbance has affected my productivity. I would greatly appreciate it if you could lower the volume after 11 PM or consider hosting events on weekends.
Thank you for your understanding. I believe we can find a solution that works for both of us.
Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]
议论文真题:
Many people prefer to rent a home rather than buy one. What are the advantages and disadvantages of renting?
参考范文:
In recent years, renting a home has become a popular choice, especially among young professionals. This trend offers both flexibility and financial benefits, though it also has drawbacks.
One major advantage of renting is mobility. Tenants can easily relocate for job opportunities without the burden of selling property. Additionally, renting avoids large upfront costs like down payments, making it affordable for low-income earners.
However, renting has limitations. Unlike homeowners, tenants cannot modify their living space freely. Moreover, monthly payments do not build equity, meaning long-term renters miss out on property investment benefits.
In my view, renting suits those who value flexibility, but buying remains a wiser choice for long-term financial stability.
备考建议
- 多练习真题:熟悉不同题型,计时写作以提高速度。
- 积累素材:关注社会热点,收集相关词汇和案例。
- 找人批改:请老师或高分考生反馈,纠正语法和逻辑问题。
- 模拟考试环境:使用答题纸练习,适应考试格式。
雅思写作并非不可攻克,只要掌握正确方法,持续练习,任何考生都能取得理想成绩,关键在于理解题目要求,组织清晰结构,并用准确的语言表达观点。